Would these characters sound like Antisemitic Caricatures?

The main characters you describe do not sound "like" antisemitic cliched caricatures to me but, as you stated, the story revolves around antisemitic or, more broadly, anti-religious themes. I honestly think that many characters in literature and the movies can be seen as somewhat cliched no matter how described and whatever pains the author or screenwriter claims or tries to proclaim differently. Also, struggles between races, religions, and classes were common then as now in England, so I would say just go for it and don't worry about stereotyping, etc. After you finish the first rough draft you can edit out many of the obviously "scurrilous" or unnecessarily "gratuitous" antisemitism and think about how you would give a twist to your character's persona.